Pulverizer and harrow



(No- Model.)

A. D. POWERS.

I PULVERIZER AND HARROW. No. 522,489. Patented July 3, 1894.

WITNESSES: 'lNVENTOH wow Ww A TTORNE YS.

, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT D. POW'ERS, oFQWENsBOROUGH, KENTUOKY.

PULVERlZER AND 'HARROW.

PEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 522,489, dated July 3,1894.

7; Application filed March 31, 1894:. Serial No. 505,854. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT D. POWERS, of

Owensborough, in the countyof Daviess and State of Kentucky, haveinvented a new and Improved Pulverizer and Harrow, of which thefollowingis a full, clear, and exact de scription. My invention relatesto an agricultural iniplement, and it has for its objectto provide, aharrow wh ch will thoroughly pulverize the ground, and which willlikewise be capable of use as a cultivator.

A further object of the invention is to so construct the pulverizer andharrow that rows of teeth Will be located at the front and rear of awheel-supported frame, which teeth will be actuated from the samedriving mech'an; ism and will be alternately operated, being raised bythe driving mechanism and dropped by gravity, the teeth being so formedthat the front ones will act in the same manner as a series of hoes,while the rear teeth will act in the capacity of a rake. A furtherobject of'the invention is to prov1de a means whereby all of the'teethmay be readlly raised from contact withthe ground for the purpose ofremoving the implement from one field to another.

, p The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofthe several parts, as

out in the claims.

Referenceis-to be had to the accompanying drawlngs, forming a part ofthis specification, 1n which similar figures and letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the views. 1 Figure 1 is a plan viewof the implement; and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal verticalsection takenessentially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. In carrying out the invention aframe A, 1s employed, which may bemade of wood, and the said frameislu'sually of rectangular shape and of skeleton'construction. An axle10, is located about centrally beneath the frame, being held to turn insuitable bearings, and

will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed supporting. Wheels 11,of any approved pata hub 15, the latter being secured to the axle. v

The outen surface of the body 13 of the drum is covered preferably by aseries of metal plates, said plates being arranged close together sothat they cover the body 13 circumferentially and longitudinally, theplates being provided with teeth 16, extending spirally andlongitudinally thereof, and the teeth of each plate are so arrangedthatspiral ribS or unbroken teeth are produced,'extending from one endof the drum to the other, when the drum is entirely covered by saidplates. The teeth are shaped in cross section as shown in Fig. 2, inwhich one face is shown as straight, standing at a right angle to thedrum, the other face being cylindrical,-but if in practice it is founddesirable the teeth or ribs 16 maybe made in suitable lengths to extendfrom end to end of the drum.

A shaft is journaled in the frame at each side of the toothed drum, saidshafts being designated as 17 and 18. The forward shaft 17, is adaptedas a pivot for the forward set of teeth 0, while the rear shaft 18serves in a like capacity for a rear set of teeth D. The shafts 17 and18 fare stationary, and the forward teeth 0, are pivotally mounted attheir inner. ends upon the said shaft 17 and are curved from the shaftupwardly and forwardly, their upper sections being practically of a bowshape; and from their upper bow portions the front teeth are carrieddownwardly and rearwardly and'are made to ter- I minate at their lowerends in blades 19 of shovel-like construction; but the blades may beotherwise formed if in practice it is found desirable. v V

Belowthe pivot of each forward tooth G,

thetooth isprovided with a rearwardly-pro jecting shoe 20, which shoesare adapted to ,be engaged by the cylindrical faces of the teeth or ribs16 on the drum. The reanteeth D, are practically of thesame formation asthe forward teeth, are pivotally mounted at their upper forward ends,and are upwardly and rearwardly curved at their upper sections, and fromthence are downwardly and forwardly curved, and are pointed at theirforward ends instead of being provided with the blades 19. The forwardand rear sets of I teeth are thus oppositely curved, the lower ends ofthe forward set having a rearward inclination while the lower ends ofthe rearward set have a forward inclination. Preferablya like number ofteeth is employed in both the front and rear set, and the teeth of eachset are placed directly opposite, so that each tooth 1n the front sethas a mate in the rear set. The rear set of teeth is provided, eachbelow its pivot, with a shoe 2], to be engaged by the cylindricalsurfaces of the ribs or teeth 16 of the drum, the said teeth or ribs ofthe drum acting in a downwardlydirection upon the shoes 20 of theforward set of teeth, and in an upwardly direction upon the shoe 21 ofthe rear set of teeth. Thus it will be observed that the drum will berotated as the machine is drawn forward, and owing to the spirallocation of the ribs on the drum, the teeth in each set will bealternately carried upward and released, whereupon they will immediatelydrop by gravitation; and it is also obvious that this verticalreciprocating movement will pulverize the ground, especially as 1t isalternately performed by series of teeth, and that the blades of thefront set of teeth will serve in the capacity of hoes, digging theground as they enter it and the machine is drawn forward, while theblades of the rear set of teeth when they enter the ground will serve asrakes on the forward movement of the machine.

All ofthe teeth may be simultaneously tions of all of the rear teeth.The crank shaft 23, is provided at its opposite end with a crank arm 24,which is connected by a link 25, with a crank arm 26, located upon oneend of a crank shaft 27, constructed in like manner as the rear crankshaft 23, the forward crank shaft 27, being adapted for engagement withall of the teeth in the forward set. Thus when the lever-22 is moved inone direction, both sets of teeth will be manipulated and elevated,andwhen moved in the opposite direction, or to the position shown inFig. 2, all of the teeth may drop to and enter the ground.

When the drum and the ribs 16 are made in sections, sections of the drummay be removed, and likewise sections of the ribs on the drum, andcorresponding front and rear harrow teeth. In this manner a space may beprovided which will enable the machine to pass over young plants andcultivate the ground at each side of the plants.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In an agricultural implement, a drum provided witha series of ribs, sets of harrow teeth pivoted at each side of the drum,the sets being oppositely yet downwardly 1nclined, and the teeth of eachset provided with shoes acted upon by the ribs on the drum, whereby theteeth are raised by the drum and dropped by gravitation, as and for thepurpose specified.

2. In an agricultural implement,the combination, with a drum providedwith ribs spirally arranged thereon, of sets of teeth pivoted atopposite sides of the drum, the teeth being carried at an inclination inopposite directions but downward in direction of the ground, the teethof the forward set having a rearward inclination and the teeth of therear set a forward inclination, and shoes located at the pivotal portionof the teeth, the said shoes being engaged by the ribs on the drum,whereby the teeth of the different sets are raised and loweredalternately, as and for the purpose described.

3. In an agricultural implement, the combination, with a frame, a drumjournaled in the frame, provided with spirally located exterior ribshaving a cylindrical face, and means for rotating the drum,substantially as shown and described, of sets of harrow teeth pivoted inthe frame, one set in front of the other set at the rear of the drum,the teeth of the forward set being upwardly bowed and carried downwardlyand rearwardly to the ground, the teeth of the rear set being upwardlybowed and then carried downwardly and forwardly to the ground, and shoescarried by all of the teeth, said shoes being acted upon by thecylindrical faces of the ribs of the drum, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

4. In an agricultural implement, the combination, with a frame, an axlejournaled therein, and supporting wheels attached to the axle, and adrum secured upon the axle, provided with spirally-arranged ribs havingone of their faces cylindrical, of shafts located at opposite sides ofthe drum, sets of teeth pivoted upon the shafts, the front set of teethbeing upwardly and forwardly bowed from the shaft, and then carriedrearwardly and downwardly to the ground, the rear set of teeth beingupwardly and rearwardly bowed from the other shaft and then carriedforwardly to the ground, shoes carried by each of the said teeth andacted upon by the ribs, said teeth being raised by the ribs and droppingby gravity, crank shafts located beneath the bow portions of the teeth,said shafts being connected, and a lever operating one of the shafts, asand for the purpose specified.

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